Use ETE. In their site there's a example drawing the entire NCBI taxonomy (about 450k nodes). There are options to draw circular trees, too.
Have you tried Walrus / Phylo3D or Dendroscope ?
Just suggested Dendroscope to one student here who was very pleased to be able to visualize his HUGE phylogenic tree :) Thanks!
Does anyone have a copy of Phylo3D (I think the latest was the 1.2 zip file)? It has gone missing. Thanks!
Phylo3D can be downloaded from https://liberles.cst.temple.edu/Software/Phylo3D_walrus/index.html.
just to add another viable option, I use the forester libraries. they are very powerful, they allow dealing with phyloXML data, and it is even an opensource project. and if it helps in any way, I try to be updated on this project by checking the phyloXML official website.
PhyloCanvas.GL, implemented in MicroReact scales to large trees and permits circular modes.
Taxonium is designed for exploring very large phylogenetic trees (many millions of nodes) in rectangular format.
Edit: COI disclosure - I am the author of the second tool. I have no connection with the first tool.
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