$ echo -e ">M02529:151:000000000-AJBNG:1:1101:20806:3573:133\nA" | awk -F '[>:]' '/^>/{printf(">:%s.%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s\n",$9,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8);next;} {print;}'

>:133.M02529:151:000000000-AJBNG:1:1101:20806:3573
A

Here's the code:

sed -i 's/>\(.*\)\(....\)/>\2\1/' myfile.fasta

Here's the why, so you can learn for next time:

sed -i        ## The -i flag means "do this on the file rather than outputing to a new one"

's/abc/def/'  ## s/  means to substitute what is within the first set of forward slashes / / with the second (all enclosed in single quotes)

\(12345\)     ## Stuff found between brackets can be referred to by \NUMBER in the next section

>\(.*\)       ## here we say "starts with a greater than symbol '>', then '.*' means 'any character, any number of times', so we collect everything after a '>' into number 1 (for later) by putting it between \( and \).

\(....\)      ## EXCEPT! for the last four characters. A period '.' means any one character, so doing 4 means put the last 4 characters into number2 for later.

>\2\1         ## Now we say what we want to swap what we matched with, so we want the '>' symbol again, then the second thing we matched '\2' then the first thing '\1'

myfile.fasta ## Lastly, put the file you're working on.

Hope this helps you or others. #LazyFridayAfternoon.

Edit: If you wanted to lose the begining colon, and add a period afterwards, this would work:

sed -i 's/>\(.*\):\(...\)/>\2.\1/' myfile.fasta

That says the ':' is outside of what you want to keep, then you keep only 3 characters, and then add a '.' after the match in the second half of the expression.

#SuperLazyFridayAfternoon