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Interpretation of DEG Analysis Results

I am currently performing DEG analysis using a plant F2population.

Specifically, I am conducting RNA-seq on an F2population created by crossing a dark-colored variety with a light-colored variety. I am then using R's “DESeq2” package for DEG analysis to identify genes involved in color intensity. However, when I split this population into two groups—dark-colored and light-colored—and performed DEG analysis to create a volcano plot, several genes with very high Log2 Fold Change and Adjusted P-values were detected. Yet, these genes showed extremely high expression levels only in some samples from the light-colored group, while other samples showed low expression or no expression at all. In this case, should such genes be filtered out?

For reference, hierarchical clustering was used to divide the group into two clusters, and the data used included SPAD, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b measurements.

I would appreciate your ideas.

deseq2 deg

I think there are a lot of facets to consider when answering this question. So its a little difficult to give a good round response. A couple things that come to mind:

Firstly; and maybe most importantly is that you are dealing with samples that are not clones of one another; therefore there should be some genetic diversity, and it is possible that some of your F2 have a different chlorophyll profile due to the these differentially expression genes.

Second, the clustering you have done is on continuous measurements and therefore maybe the binary grouping doesn't capture a more varied spectrum. Maybe try modelling a continuous trait instead.

Thank you for your reply.

“Second, the clustering you have done is on continuous measurements and therefore maybe the binary grouping doesn't capture a more varied spectrum. Maybe try modelling a continuous trait instead.”

Would this mean using regression analysis with the raw numerical data instead of a simple two-group comparison? We are performing GWAS analysis since we have whole-genome data. However, I was hesitant to infer genes based solely on GWAS results, so I'm exploring alternative approaches.

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