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ATACSEQ normlization for bigwig files

Hello everyone! I’m working on an ATAC-seq project with four samples (no replicates), each sequenced to a different depth (e.g. 200 M, 300 M, 400 M paired-end reads, etc.). After marking duplicates on the BAMs, I’m generating BigWig tracks with deeptools bamCoverage using RPGC normalization (as recommended here: https://groups.google.com/g/deeptools/c/th96gaftAXQ). When I run computeMatrix and plot TSS enrichment (cluster of 5 genes), I still see fluctuations instead of a smooth curve that I haven’t been able to explain.

Could someone advise on:

  • Whether RPGC is the best normalization strategy when you have no replicates but varying library sizes.
  • How to calculate and apply the correct scale factors (e.g. using the --scaleFactor option) if RPGC alone isn’t sufficient.enter image description here

Any tips on achieving truly comparable BigWig tracks (and hence TSS plots) across samples would be hugely appreciated!

Thank you!

normalization atac-seq

e.g. 200 M, 300 M, 400 M paired-end reads, etc.

For the next experiment, consider spending money on replicates rather than 10-fold excessive depth. We typically do 30mio reads per sample. At >> 100mio most will just be duplicates.

1 answer

See for code and discussion ATAC-seq sample normalization

Thank you! ATpoint ,Can I use multiBamSummary to get the size factors, then take the inverse (1/sizeFactor) to use as scaling factors in bamCoverage and generate the BigWig files?

I do not know this tool. My best practice is in the linked answer.

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