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Wrong small anchor alignments in hisat2

When I used hisat2 mapping RNA-seq reads to a genome, HISAT2 found many wrong aligments with small anchor!

hisat2 -t -p 16 --dta -x hua -1 trim_1.fastq.gz -2 trim_2.fastq.gz -S hua.sam

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hisat2

Base C in red box region is misaligned. It should align with C base in black box region. Why HISAT2 add a gap before C base?

You are not likely to get a useful answer based on a small portion of the alignment you have chosen to show here (is C on its own out there on right or is there sequence beyond that). If you feel hisat2 is not working well try a different aligner.

C is at the read terminal. I was tring to find defective RNA of an RNA virus. In the default mode, there will be many reads alignment with small anchors (<=3bps). The same alignments also appear with the --pen-cansplice 12, so the gap generated seems to not due to canonical splice sites prediction by hisat2. But with the --no-temp-splicesite option, reads alignment with small anchors were reduced significantly.

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