I am working on a database of many species. And I found the chromosome names of ensembl and refseq are terrible to convert between each other. I found there are tables named as ucscToEnsembl on UCSC, and they are great:
mysql --user=genome --host=genome-mysql.cse.ucsc.edu -A -N -e "select * from ucscToEnsembl;" hg19
But I manualy checked hg19, mm9, mm10, rn4, rn5, dm3, and Zv9, only hg19 and mm10 have this table. So are there ready tables to sovle the problem? Thanks for any suggestion.
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Ning-Yi Shao
Hi Ning-Yi Shao,
I have a little more information about this for you.
UCSC probably do this because the names that they use are not the officially accepted names.
In most cases, Ensembl does use the official accession.version in the seq_region table. When they don't (for example - all chromosomes) then they try to add the official name as a synonym which can be found here: mysql -uanonymous -hensembldb.ensembl.org -P3306 -Dhomo_sapiens_core_72_37 -e "select name, synonym from seq_region, seq_region_synonym, external_db where seq_region.seq_region_id = seq_region_synonym.seq_region_id and seq_region_synonym.external_db_id=external_db.external_db_id "
The reason that they sometimes don't use the official accession.version in the seq region table is because there is a more commonly used or human readable form. For example, "1" for chromosome one when the INSDC accession is CM000663.1. Users probably prefer to see "1" when they are on location view and not "CM000663.1".
I hope that helps.
Additional note for ucsc to Ensembl table:
mysql --user=genome --host=genome-mysql.cse.ucsc.edu -A -N -e "select * from ucscToEnsembl;" hg19
All is fine, except for cases like this (GL*):
chr1_gl000192_random -> GL000192
These are named GL000192.1 in the Ensembl annotation (".1" is added) and the table points to GL000192 (without the .1). For mouse (mm10) everything looks fine.
A few more tips that might help:
The INSDC coordinates are visible on Ensembl gene summary pages like this one http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000139618;r=13:32889611-32973805
For the primary assembly, chromosome synonyms are here: ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/genomes/Eukaryotes/vertebrates_mammals/Homo_sapiens/GRCh37.p13/Primary_Assembly/assembled_chromosomes/chr2acc
For the primary assembly, scaffold synonyms are here: ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/genomes/Eukaryotes/vertebrates_mammals/Homo_sapiens/GRCh37.p13/Primary_Assembly/scaffold_localID2acc
and for the patches, scaffold synonyms are here: ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/genomes/Eukaryotes/vertebrates_mammals/Homo_sapiens/GRCh37.p13/PATCHES/scaffold_localID2acc
Note that historically there are small differences in the way that NCBI, EBI and UCSC name the chromosomes. What is "MT" for EBI, is called "chrMT" for NCBI and "chrM" for UCSC. If you used a genome not from UCSC for your analysis, you may have to fix up these small differences. To convert EBI or NCBI chrom names to UCSC chrom names in a wig or bed text file, you can use UCSC's little utility chromToUcsc. Download it with "wget https://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/admin/exe/linux.x86_64/chromToUcsc", make it executable with "chmod a+x chromToUcsc" (it's a python2/3 script) and run it without arguments to get the usage message. Here is an example call: chromToUcsc -g hg19 --get && chromToUcsc -i test.wig -o test.ucsc.wig -a hg19.chromAlias.tsv -g hg19
see those posts for the conversion:
Naming chromosomes: from NCBI NC_0000ABC to UCSC chrABC (it's for ncbi but you should retrieve the names ucsc<->ncbi<->ensembl : please, share your findings !)
Thank you, Pierre. The information is interesting. It is the way to convert chromosome names of NCBI to of Ensembl way, is there the way to convert ucsc's to NCBI's?
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