Hi Matt, your first command line could be simpler:
awk '{printf (/^>/) ? $0"\t" : $0"\n"}' file1.fa file2.fa | sort -u | tr "\t" "\n"
You can use a conditional expression to shorten the awk command; sort has a -u option to remove duplicates. In your second example, you can use awk to select only the sequences:
awk '! /^>/' file1.fa file2.fa | sort -u
Can I encourage users not to answer questions which fail the "what have you tried" test.
Seems the answer is no, I cannot :)