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bwa-mem low mapping quality human genome

I have whole genome sequencing paired end data that I am trying to map to the human genome primary sequence hg38.

I mapped using bwa-mem after index the genome with bwa index command.

However, the mapping rate is very low here is the outcome of samtools flagstat downstream I am interested in variant calling using varscan2 or other variant caller.

681299381 + 0 in total (QC-passed reads + QC-failed reads)

0 + 0 secondary

6190495 + 0 supplementary

0 + 0 duplicates

217048997 + 0 mapped (31.86% : N/A)

675108886 + 0 paired in sequencing

337554443 + 0 read1

337554443 + 0 read2

161718456 + 0 properly paired (23.95% : N/A)

178076376 + 0 with itself and mate mapped

Do you have any idea how to improve the mapping rate, I mean is this rate of mapping expected in general or am I doing something wrong? I usually do exome or rnaseq where mapping rate is in the 90s.

whole genome sequencing human genome

You can take a sample of reads that are not mapping and check them using blast at NCBI. This should help you eliminate potential contamination issues.

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