Hi All, I am terribly confused if I should check for HWE in a case only study or not. There are some publication which says that HWE should be separate for cases and controls anyway. If HWE is a check for mutations, natural selection, nonrandom mating, genetic drift and gene flow but it can also be a true association. Then how do I know if HWE deviation in cases are not true association? Please can someone help me!!!