I'm particularly fond of Plone which is a CMS built on top of Zope (it's possible to use Django instead).
Plone has already some applications in bioinformatics. Just to mention Plone4Bio uses Trac as its SCM (based on SVN). Trac is nice!
Plone is web-based and standalone (no LAMP unless you want it). Adressing your points:
- It supports workflows that can track user contribution/progress
- Supports web based SVN access/management
- File sharing is also a built in feature.
- It's easy to turn Plone into a LIMS.
Besides all that, Plone is totally written in Python and deals nicely with a plethora of databases and web resources.
You can achieve similar results with Apache Lenya. However, with much more effort. Personally, I've tried a lot of CMS/LIMS systems (Drupal, Joomla, Wikis, etc.). Plone returned the best results. It has only one big problem: very annoying to visualy customize/theming.
Possible duplicate: Open Source Electronic Laboratory Notebook Software?
@giovanni, this question seems to be broader, I suggest keeping it open. i'm interested to see any answers!